Protection of forest environment OK2046

Frame programme:
1. Introduction to problems of hylology as a science about forest. Notion of forest, habitat and forest environment. Forest as ecological system. Diagnostics of trophical state of habitats based on permanent and easily variable typological elements of habitat. Proecological forestry.
2. Forest - as natural, economical and ideal value in biosphere. Forest and forestry in statistical data. Notion of primitive and natural forest, management forest and functions of protective forests. Threats to forests resulting from pollution of air, water and of soils and from rules of forest management. Different forms of anthropogenic pressure on structure and functioning of forests. Kinds of use of clear cutting and rules of their usages in forests.
3. Abiotic and biotic factors and their part in formation of forest environment. Climatical intercourse in forest and their part in formation of forest environment. Destructive influences of abiotic factors on forest. Biological proprieties and ecological requirements of most important species trees of forest. Habitational requirements of forest trees according to ecological scales.
4. Forest ecology. Notion and features of stand. Phases of development and structure of stand, reasons for different qualities of stand. Development dynamics of stand. Character and kinds of changes in stand under the influence of time.
5. Protection of forest environment. Methods of forest protection. Predispositions of sickness in developed forests. Aetiology of forest diseases. Biological methods used in forest protection. Complex methods in forest protection. Chemical and mechanical methods used in protection of forest environment.
6. Forest hygiene and prophylaxis of stands. Protection of forest against game. Protection of forest environment against fungi diseases - inspection of occurrence, diagnostics of injurious fungi, scales and methods of estimation of harms in forest and usage preventive means and methods of fighting with parasitic fungi in forest. Reasons and course of mass gradation of pests in forest - inspection of occurrence of more important pests and pest-control methods. Instructions of diagnosing of pest species based on damages.
7. Calendar of protection measures according to instruction of forest protection. Catalogue of selected norms in management of forest.
8. Strategies of forest environment protection in Poland.